在英国和爱尔兰 我们有着欧洲最富饶的海域 Here in Britain and Ireland, we have some of the richest seas in Europe.
多样的海岸线 如果算上所有的近海岛屿 Our varied coastline, if you include all the many offshore islands,
将超过22000英里长 is over 22,000 miles long,
我们很多人住在离海不超过70英里的范围内 and none of us live more than 70 miles away from the sea.
然而 我们中却很少有人见过海滩之外 Yet few of us have seen the wonders beyond the beach
海浪之下的奇观 and beneath the waves.
本期节目中 我们将带您 In this episode, we will take you
从地球的最南端 from the most southerly point of the
到英国最北端 United Kingdom to the furthest north,
来展示为什么我们的海洋如此富饶多产 to explain why our seas can be so productive
揭示它如今所面临的种种威胁 and reveal the threats that they face today.
每年的冬季 一股暖流 墨西哥湾流 Every winter, a warm ocean current, the gulf stream,
在大西洋上掀起了巨大的风暴 drives huge storms across the Atlantic
远离加勒比海 直奔我们的海岸线 away from the Caribbean and straight towards our shores.
每年冬季 它都会如期袭击岛屿的西海岸 There, every winter, they batter the west coasts of our islands.
整个海洋中所积累起来的能量波浪 Waves with energy built up across an entire ocean
被抛向我们的海岸 are hurled at our coasts.
十多米高的海墙 Walls of water more than ten metres tall
不断地撞击在岩石上 crash repeatedly onto the rocks.
当海底深水被搅动时 And as the water at depth is churned,
它将营养物质带到了表面 it brings nutrients up towards the surface.
这些营养物质与墨西哥湾流的温暖结合 These nutrients, combined with the warmth of the gulf stream,
是海洋生物在这里繁衍生息的原因 are the reason why marine life here proliferates
各式各样的物种 如此丰富多样 with such extraordinary richness and variety.
每年秋季 Each year, in autumn,
海洋资源丰富的证据就会展现在陆地上 evidence of this marine abundance appears on land.
13000只灰海豹栖息在诺福克的布莱克尼角 13,000 grey seals haul out on Blakeney Point in Norfolk.
是英格兰最大的海豹聚居地 It's the largest seal colony in England.
雌海豹一年中大部分时间都在富饶的水域觅食 Females, having spent most of the year feeding in our rich waters,
正准备繁衍它们的后代 are preparing to produce their young.
刚出生的幼崽很无助 Newly born, the pups are helpless
在最初的几周里 完全依赖母亲 and for their first few weeks, entirely dependent on their mothers.
海豹的奶脂肪含量超过50% Seal milk is more than 50% fat
幼崽们一天能增重两公斤 and the pups put on two kilos a day.
一开始父母和幼崽形影不离 At first, parent and pup are inseparable.
但几天后 小海豹就开始自由探索 But then, after a few days, the youngsters start to explore.
其它雌海豹无法容忍 Other females don't tolerate the appearance
不相关的幼崽在她们的地盘上 of unrelated pups on their patch.
比雌海豹威胁更大的 Posing an even greater threat than the females
是雄海豹 are the males.
体长3米 重达350公斤 Three metres long and weighing 350 kilos
它们来这里求偶 they have come here to mate.
它们知道幼崽出生后不久 They know that soon after the pups are born,
雌海豹会再次接受交配 the females will become sexually receptive once again.
这只雄海豹试图控制所有的雌性 This big male tries to control all the females
在这片海滩上 on this stretch of the beach.
但它有个对手 But he has a rival.
大块头雄海豹警告挑战者不要靠近 The big male warns off the challenger,
但入侵者根本不理会 but the intruder takes no notice.
只有一个办法解决 There's only one way to settle this.
暴力 Violence.
当雄性打斗时 When the males fight,
它们不会理会任何挡道的小海豹 they take no notice of any pup that gets in their way.
小海豹的妈妈介入了 The pup's mother intervenes
她让幼崽安全离开 allowing her pup to wriggle away.
最后 战局扭转 Finally, the battle turns.
入侵者开始向大海撤退 The intruder starts to retreat towards the sea.
现在 体型较小的雄性也加入了追逐 Now, the smaller males join the chase.
这只大块头保留了交配的权利 The big male has retained his right to mate.
尽管经历了这些战斗 布莱克尼角仍然为幼崽提供了 Despite these battles, Blakeney Point still provides the pups
一个良好的人生开端 with an excellent start in life.
每年有5000只海豹在这里出生 5,000 are born here each year.
占世界上灰海豹数量的40% A remarkable 40% of the world population of grey seals
在不列颠群岛附近生活 lives around the British Isles.
这是我们海洋资源丰富的有力证据 Impressive evidence of the richness of our seas.
在水面之下 财富是显而易见的 Beneath the surface, that wealth is very evident.
来自北方的冷而富含营养的洋流 Cold, nutrient-rich currents from the north
与墨西哥湾流的温暖海水相混合 mingle with the warm waters of the gulf stream,
供养着种类惊人的动植物 and support an astonishing variety of plants and animals.
这里有超过10000种不同的物种 There are more than 10,000 different species here.
墨西哥湾流的影响是最明显的 The effect of the gulf stream is felt most keenly
在锡利群岛的最南端 at our southernmost point, around the Isles of Scilly.
这里生长着世界上最大的海草 Here grows one of the biggest stretches of seagrass
在英国和爱尔兰水域随处可见 to be found anywhere in British and Irish waters.
海草在全球范围内很重要 因为它收集碳的速度 Seagrass is important globally because it collects carbon
比热带雨林快35倍 up to 35 times faster than a tropical rainforest.
但我们已经失去了将近90%的海草 But we have lost nearly 90% of our seagrass,
主要原因是海底受到污染和干扰 mainly because of pollution and disturbance of the seabed.
然而这些海洋牧场 Nonetheless, these marine meadows
是各类小动物的家园 are home to a wide variety of small animals.
包括这个也许有点令人惊讶的动物 Including this perhaps somewhat surprising one.
刺海马 A spiny seahorse.
这是生活在我们水域的两种海马之一 One of just two species of seahorse that live in our waters.
它们在湾流带来的温暖中茁壮成长 They thrive in the warmth brought by the gulf stream.
海草为它们提供了 The seagrass provides them
隐蔽的环境 便于求偶 with the seclusion they prefer for their courtship.
它们求爱之舞的关键 A crucial part of their underwater dance
尾巴会轻轻缠绕在一起 involves a gentle entwining of their tails.
这种典型的象征性行为 It's behaviour you might think to be more typical
在温暖的地中海很常见 of the warm, balmy waters of the Mediterranean.
还有另外一种生物 And there is another creature
也常常在温暖水域见到 that is also more usually found in warmer waters.
乌贼 The common cuttlefish.
它是所有乌贼种类中最靠北端的 It's the most northerly of all cuttlefish species.
这只怀孕的雌乌贼大约橄榄球的大小 This pregnant female, about the size of a rugby football,
正被一只雄性守护着 准备产卵 is being guarded by a male as she prepares to lay her eggs.
首先 她清理她的巢穴 First, she cleans her chosen site
在海藻上喷射水柱 by squirting jets of water over the seaweed.
有几十个卵已经在这了 Several dozen black eggs are already here,
这是前一天刚产下的 having been laid the previous day.
现在她又增加许多 And now she adds more
一个接一个 直到有3000个左右 one by one, until there are up to 3,000 or so.
一个月后 A month later
在夜里 卵开始孵化 during the night, the eggs start to hatch.
一只完美形态的小乌贼 不比豌豆大 A perfectly formed baby cuttlefish, no larger than a pea.
几周之内 Within a few weeks,
一只雄性已经长到六厘米长 a male has grown to a length of around six centimetres
已经是一个潜行的猎手 and is already a stealthy hunter.
它的视力非常敏锐 能在月光下捕猎 His eyesight is so sensitive that he's able to hunt by moonlight.
但是当月亮消失的时候 But when the moon disappears
连它都看不见 even he cannot see
黑暗通常会结束狩猎 and the darkness usually brings hunting to an end.
但每年只有几个晚上 But on just a few nights each year
一些不寻常的事情发生了 something extraordinary happens.
微小的发光藻类 创造出巨大的生物发光云 Tiny light-producing algae create vast clouds of bioluminescence.
水中任何突然的举动都会促进它们 They're stimulated to switch on by any sudden movement in the water.
即使是小螃蟹呼吸时产生的轻微漩涡 Even the slight swirl produced by a tiny crab as it breathes
也产生效应 has an effect.
猎人必须非常平稳地移动 The hunter must move very smoothly,
避免给自己制造灯光秀 to avoid creating a light show of his own.
水藻发出的微光使它能够看到猎物 The light of the algae has enabled it to see its prey
所以整个晚上都在捕猎 and so hunt throughout the night.
一年后 乌贼完全长大 A year later, the cuttlefish are fully grown
这只雄性正在寻找伴侣 and this male is now looking for a female.
但传统的繁殖地却空空荡荡 But the traditional breeding site is empty.
聚集在这里繁殖的乌贼 The cuttlefish that gathered here to mate
都被一个捕鱼笼给抓到了 have been caught in a fishing pot.
它们可能是海洋中最聪明的动物之一 They may be among the most intelligent animals in the sea
但它们却被一个简单的陷阱给骗了 but they've been fooled by a simple trap.
一旦进入其中 就无法逃脱 And once in it, there is no escape.
外面的雄性发现了一个潜在的配偶 The male outside spots a possible mate.
但它联系不上她 But he can't reach her.
我们的乌贼种群可以容忍一些捕捞的损失 Our cuttlefish population can tolerate some loss to fishing,
但我们不应该把捕鱼陷阱放在它们的繁殖地 but surely we shouldn't put pots where they habitually breed,
阻止它们繁殖下一代 and prevent them from producing their next generation
远离海岸的海床看起来可能很贫瘠 没有生命 Away from the coast, the seabed may seem barren and lifeless.
但是别被外表给欺骗了 But looks can be deceptive.
这片泥泞的海底富含细菌和藻类 This muddy seafloor is rich in bacteria and algae
为一种动物提供食物 and provides food for one animal in particular.
一种可以长到六厘米长 行动缓慢的生物 A slow-moving creature that can grow up to a length of six centimetres.
御花海蛞蝓 The royal flush sea slug.
成千上万只海蛞蝓在这里觅食 Thousands graze the seafloor here.
在食物竞争如此激烈的情况下 But with so much competition for the same food,
粮食最终耗尽 supplies eventually run out.
而海蛞蝓必须继续前进 And the sea slugs have to move on
以它们自己奇怪的方式 in their own strange way.
它们拍打着翅膀般的外皮从海底升起 They flap their wing-like mantles and rise up from the seabed.
在缓慢的水流中漂流 它们能游上几英里 Drifting on the slow current, they can travel for miles.
这种非同寻常的大规模迁徙以前从未被拍摄过 This extraordinary mass migration has never been filmed before.
最终它们到达新的觅食地 Eventually, they reach new feeding grounds.
现在它们可以再次开始清理海床了 And now they can start hoovering the seabed once more.
当春去夏来 As spring turns to summer,
另一种大规模的迁徙沿着南海岸开始 another very different migration begins all along the south coast,
而原因却完全不同 and for a very different reason.
一只年轻的雌性蜘蛛蟹 A young female spider crab.
她在这片沙地上寻找同类 She is searching these sandy plains for others of her own kind.
蜘蛛蟹通常是独居的 Spider crabs are normally solitary,
但现在到了夏天 它们开始成群聚集 but now, in the summer, they start to assemble into groups.
当它们数量足够多的时候 它们就开始旅行 And then, when there are enough of them, they start to travel.
它们一起在海底旅行数英里 Together, they journey for miles across the seabed,
都朝着同一个方向 all heading in the same direction.
群群汇聚 Groups join together
旅行者变成了一个强大的部落 有几千只 and the travellers become one great horde, several-thousand strong.
它们即将面临一生中最危险的时刻 They are about to face the most dangerous time of their lives.
它们已经长得超过了坚硬的外壳 现在必须脱离它们 They have outgrown their hard shells and must now escape from them.
一个新的 可扩展的外壳 A new shell is expandable,
但最初的几个小时它是软的 but it remains soft for several hours
在它变硬之前 蜘蛛蟹没有任何防御 and until it hardens, its owner has no defence.
所以它们才一起踏上这段旅程 That is why they've made this journey together.
人多势众 There is safety in numbers.
洋流是我们的水域如此丰富的原因之一 Ocean currents are one reason why our waters are so rich.
另一个原因是我们的潮汐异常巨大 Another is the exceptional size of our tides.
大量的海水 Vast amounts of water
被这些强大的洋流 are continuously transported around our islands
不断运输到我们的岛屿上 by these powerful currents.
地球上第三大潮汐涨落 The third biggest tidal rise and fall on the planet
发生在塞文河河口 occurs in the estuary of the River Severn.
从低到高 From low tide,
海平面上升的幅度 相当于一栋五层楼高的建筑物 the sea level rises by as much as the height of a five-storey building
然后又落下 每天两次 and then falls again, twice every day.
这些巨大的潮汐搅动了营养物质 These huge transformations churn-up the nutrients
滋养着泥滩 and replenish the mudflats.
再往北的苏格兰西海岸 Further north, on the west coast of Scotland,
潮汐的力量创造了另一幅奇观 the power of our tides creates another great spectacle.
科里弗雷肯漩涡 The Corryvreckan whirlpool.
直径25米 25 metres across.
它是世界上第三大漩涡 It's the third largest whirlpool in the world.
这些强大的潮流将海水混合 These powerful tidal currents mix-up the water,
不断地将营养物质从深处带到表层 constantly bringing nutrients from the depths up to the surface layers.
潮汐的影响可以延伸到海底 And the influence of the tides can extend right down to the seafloor.
这里的动物在这些不断流动的水流中茁壮成长 The animals down here thrive in these ever-moving currents.
每一寸土地都充满了生机 Every square inch is bursting with life.
流动的水带来源源不断的食物 The flowing water brings a never-ending supply of food.
蛇尾海星和海参竞相收集它们所能收集的一切 Brittle stars and sea cucumbers compete to collect all they can.
如此多的生物不可避免地吸引了掠食者 So many creatures inevitably attracts predators.
直径半米的七臂海星 The seven-armed starfish half a metre across.
蛇尾海星尽最大努力避开它的去路 The brittle stars do their best to get out of their way.
巨大的七臂海星摸索着寻找猎物 The huge starfish feel for their prey
利用排列在手臂下面的 using hundreds of sensitive tubed feet
上百个敏感带管脚 that line the underside of their arms.
然而 并不是每一种动物都试图躲避它 Yet, not every animal they encounter tries to escape.
这只寄居蟹挥舞有力的钳子 This hermit crab, with its powerful claws,
能够很好地保护自己 is well able to defend itself.
最后坚持不懈的海星找到了它要找的东西 Finally, the persistent starfish find what they're looking for.
皇后扇贝 A queen scallop.
它单一的黑色眼睛 能够发现快速移动的威胁 Its lines of simple black eyes are able to detect fast-moving threats.
但海星移动得相当缓慢 But the starfish moves quite slowly
扇贝没有注意到 and the scallop doesn't notice.
只有当扇贝感觉到捕食者的探脚时 Only when the scallop feels the predator's probing feet,
它才会有反应 does it react.
它通过扇动外壳逃走了 It swims away by clapping together the two parts of its shell.
这是一个非常有效的方法 It's a surprisingly effective technique,
如果运气好的话 会把扇贝带到安全的地方 and with luck will carry the scallop to safety.
但是扇贝没有很强的方向感 But scallops don't have a strong sense of direction
海星不断袭来 and the starfish just keep coming.
海星首先撕开扇贝的壳 The starfish first pulls the scallop shell apart
然后插入它可伸展的胃 and then inserts its extendable stomach
来消化扇贝的肉 to digest the scallop's flesh.
盛宴的味道在水中飘散 The smell of the feast drifts through the water
吸引了食腐动物 and attracts scavengers.
海螺 Whelks.
它们是海底清洁工 They are the clean-up crew.
像这样的海床很容易被海底拖网破坏 Tidal beds like these can easily be destroyed by bottom-trawling.
如果我们要延续海洋的丰富性 Protecting those that survive is essential
保护幸存的栖息地是至关重要的 if we are to preserve the richness of our seas.
谢德兰群岛离苏格兰大陆有100英里 100 miles from mainland Scotland lies Shetland,
在不列颠群岛的最北部 the most northerly part of the British Isles.
因为这个群岛在开阔的海洋中 Because this archipelago is in the open ocean,
所以它有我们最干净的水域 it has some of our cleanest waters.
这也是为什么谢德兰群岛 This is one of the reasons why Shetland
是水獭的主要据点 is our main stronghold for otters.
1000多只水獭生活在1600英里未受干扰的海岸线上 More than 1,000 live along its 1,600 miles of undisturbed coastline.
谢德兰群岛与世隔绝 污染相对较少 Shetland's isolation and its relative lack of pollution
非常适合这些动物生存 suits these animals very well.
在其它地方 大多数水獭生活在河流中或河边 Elsewhere, most live in or beside rivers,
但在这里 它们大部分时间都在海里 but here they spend much of their time in the sea.
各有各的领地 Each has its own territory
并且知道它的猎物可能藏在哪里 and knows where its prey is likely to be hiding.
但它们生活的水域大部分时间都很寒冷 But the waters in which they spend so much of their time are chilly,
水獭需要摄入大量的食物来保暖 and otters need a lot of food to keep themselves warm.
它们可以屏住呼吸长达90秒 They can hold their breath for up to 90 seconds
潜入深达十米的狩猎场 and reach hunting grounds as deep as ten metres.
夏季 这片水域有很多小鱼 比如鳗鱼 In summer, the waters teem with small fish, such as eelpout,
它们很容易捕捉 是幼崽的绝佳食物 which are easy to catch and are excellent food for the cubs.
难怪谢德兰群岛拥有种群密度最大的水獭 Little wonder that Shetland has the greatest density of otters
比欧洲任何地方都多 anywhere in Europe.
水獭并不是谢德兰群岛史上唯一的明星 Otters are not the only stars in Shetland's natural history.
其海岸的周围 是全球最重要的生物栖息地 Around its coast are habitats of global importance.
海藻森林 Forests of kelp.
它们是同藻类中 最粗壮 最具活力的 They are among the thickest and most vigorous of their kind
堪称爱尔兰之最 in Britain and Ireland,
单个体能长到两米高 with individuals growing to over two metres tall.
就像海草一样 这片海底森林 Like the seagrass, this underwater forest
也能捕获大量的碳 captures great quantities of carbon
还为各种各样的动物提供了家园 and provides a home for a wide range of animals.
这里有一种海藻 叫褐藻 One type of kelp here, the furbellow,
它有一个特别活跃的住院医生 has an especially feisty resident.
它中空的底部是喉盘鱼最喜欢的家 Its hollow base is the favourite home of clingfish.
这只2厘米长的小公鱼 This minute two-centimetre-long male
被雌性要求留下照看鱼卵 has been left by his female to look after the eggs.
成百上千的鱼卵被粘在褐藻的茎干内部 Hundreds of them are glued to the interior of a furbellow's stem
它们就快要孵化了 and they're almost ready to hatch.
这对它来说是时候担起重任 It's quite a responsibility for him.
它整天都在为它的鱼卵扇动 All day long, he fans fresh, oxygen-rich sea water
新鲜富氧的海水 across the eggs.
定期检查它们 He inspects them regularly
并移除不育或死亡的卵 and quickly removes any that are infertile or dead.
但它的托儿所正受到攻击 But his nursery is under attack.
海胆在吞食褐藻 Sea urchins are devouring the furbellow.
它们强有力的下颚正在摧毁喉盘鱼的家园 Their powerful jaws are destroying the clingfish's home.
它的孩子们仍然被困在育儿室的墙上 His babies are under threat, still stuck to the walls of their nursery.
没有退路 There is no escape.
它们的小父亲立马采取行动 Their tiny father takes action.
它试图通过拍打尾巴来赶走海胆 He tries to drive the urchins away by beating his tail.
但没什么作用 But it makes little difference.
是时候更换策略了 Time for another strategy.
海胆身上长满了锋利的刺 The urchins are covered in sharp spines
所以勇敢的小父亲咬着海胆敏感的带管脚 so the brave little father nips the urchins' sensitive tubed feet.
最后 入侵者放弃了 去寻找更易到手的食物 Finally, the urchins give up and go in search of easier meals.
这条小公鱼救了它的孩子 The little male clingfish has saved his young.
它也是这个社区至关重要的一员 He is part of a crucial community
维持着海洋森林的生态平衡 that maintains the balance in this marine rainforest.
在盛夏时节 太阳的能量结合了 At the height of summer, the power of the sun combines
潮汐和波浪的搅动 with the stirring action of the tides and the waves
海洋绽放生机 and the ocean blooms.
这些漂浮的花朵 The creators of these blooms
是无数微小的藻类 are myriads of floating, microscopic algae.
它们是广阔海洋中整个食物链的基础 They are the basis of the entire food chain in the open ocean.
当条件合适时 它们会以惊人的速度繁殖 And when conditions are right, they multiply at an astonishing rate.
它们不断地繁衍 也是英国和 Their repeated blooms are one of the main reasons
爱尔兰的海域如此富饶主要原因之一 why the seas around Britain and Ireland are so productive.
漂浮的藻类供养着一个巨大的动物群落 The floating plants support a great community of tiny floating animals,
浮游生物 the zooplankton.
微小的生物在洋流推动下 漂浮在巨大的云层中 Tiny creatures that drift in great clouds driven by the ocean currents.
其中有微小的桡足类甲壳动物 Among them are copepods, tiny crustaceans
以漂浮在它们旁边的藻类为食 that feed on the microscopic algae floating alongside them.
其它大多是掠食者 The rest are mainly predators.
其中也有体型较小的 Many of these are also tiny.
像龙虾和螃蟹这样的底栖动物的幼虫 The larvae of bottom-living animals like lobsters and crabs,
有些只有5毫米长 some only 5mm long.
还有球栉水母 There are also sea gooseberries,
它们在水中推进 which propel themselves through the water
有一排排颤动的短须 with rows of pulsating bristles.
它们看起来很脆弱 但它们却是令人惊讶的高效猎手 They may look fragile, but they are surprisingly effective hunters.
它们伸出长长的线状触须 They extend long, thread-like tentacles.
其它被缠住的漂流者 会被卷起来吃掉 Other drifters that get entangled are reeled-in and eaten.
当然球栉水母本身 The sea gooseberries themselves, of course,
也是大型掠食者的猎物 are also prey for larger predators
比如瓜水母 such as the melon comb jelly.
它的嘴巨大无比 It has a particularly large mouth.
当它打开嘴时产生的吸力 When it opens it, the suction it creates
直接把猎物拉进肚子里 pulls its prey straight into its stomach.
尽管我们的海洋资源丰富 Despite the richness of our seas,
气候的变化正使浮游生物的数量骤减 climate change is seriously reducing the amount of zooplankton.
而这对整个海洋食物链都有影响 And this has an effect on the entire marine food chain,
其中包括海洋巨兽 right up to real giants.
我们水域中最大的鱼 有一辆双层巴士那么长 The largest fish in our waters is as long as a double-decker bus.
姥鲨 The basking shark.
它利用鳃上的特殊筛状结构 It uses special sieve-like structures on its gills
过滤掉浮游生物 to filter out the zooplankton.
它们不吃其它东西 And they feed on nothing else.
夏天 这些庞然大物靠近我们岛屿周围的海岸 In summer, these giants come close to the coast all around our isles.
它们通常是独居的 They're normally solitary,
但当浮游生物达到其数量的顶峰时 but when the plankton reaches the peak of its abundance,
鲨鱼们会聚集在一起 the sharks come together.
它们保持队形 They swim in formation.
从这张嘴逃出来的浮游生物 会被下一张嘴捞起来 Plankton that escapes one mouth will be scooped-up by the next.
在英国和爱尔兰的西海岸 In just a few special places
为数不多的几处特定海域 along the western coasts of Britain and Ireland,
姥鲨会聚集在一起觅食和繁殖 basking sharks gather in large numbers to feed and breed.
每年都有成千上万的姥鲨来到这里 Thousands find their way here each year
占全球姥鲨种群大多数 a major part of the global population.
浮游生物有各种尺寸 Plankton feeders come in all sizes.
沙鳗只有30厘米长 Sand eels are only 30 centimetres long,
但它们总成群结队现身鱼群中 but they occur in vast shoals.
像许多物种一样 过度捕捞和海洋变暖 Like so many species, overfishing and warming seas
已经大大减少了它们的数量 have drastically reduced their numbers.
它们是各类顶级掠食者的基本猎物 They are essential prey for a wide range of top predators.
海豚在广阔的海域中搜寻鱼群 Dolphins scour vast areas of the open ocean to track down the shoals.
随着海豚而来的是一个海洋传奇 And following the dolphins comes an ocean legend
蓝鳍金枪鱼 bluefin tuna.
重达700公斤 Weighing up to 700 kilos
最高时速超过40英里 and with a top speed of more than 40mph,
这些强大的掠食者能够迅速解决整个鱼群 these powerful predators can make quick work of the shoal.
蓝鳍金枪鱼已经在我们的水域消失了50多年 Bluefins have been absent from our waters for more than 50 years.
直到最近才现身 And they have only recently returned.
如果想要留住它们 If they are to stay,
我们的海域必须停止过度捕捞 the overfishing of our seas will have to be stopped.
海天之上 In the sky above
鲣鸟正在寻找鲭鱼和鲱鱼等鱼类 gannets, looking for fish such as mackerel and herring.
它们以每小时60英里的速度入水 They hit the water at over 60mph.
冲击力是巨大的 The impact is enormous.
为了避免折断翅膀 它们把翅膀折起来 To avoid breaking their wings, they fold them back
变成流线型的身躯 and turn themselves into streamlined arrows.
世界上有65%的北鲣鸟 65% of the world's population of northern gannets
在我们的海洋中寻找食物 find their food in our seas.
但也许最依赖富饶水域的鸟类 But perhaps the bird that depends most on the still-rich waters
在英国和爱尔兰附近 一种叫大西洋鹱的鸟 around Britain and Ireland is the Manx shearwater.
每年 几乎全世界的大西洋鹱 Every year, our coasts are visited
都会造访我们的海岸线 by almost the entire global population of this sea bird.
在威尔士中部的卡迪根湾 Here in Cardigan Bay off central Wales,
它们聚集在一起 they gather in their thousands,
被我们丰富的海洋所吸引 attracted by the richness of our seas.
每年夏季 有35万对大西洋鹱 Each summer, 350,000 pairs all return
来到了彭布罗克郡海岸的斯科默小岛 to this tiny island of Skomer off the Pembrokeshire coast.
这是世界上最大的海鸟繁殖地 This is the largest breeding colony in the world
岛上大部分地方都是蜂窝状的洞穴 and most of the island is honeycombed with their burrows.
今晚 在夜色的掩护下 Tonight, under the cover of darkness,
它们的幼鸟开始了第一次 their chicks are starting to leave these burrows
离开巢穴 for the very first time.
见此场景 将令人永生难忘 Watching them do so is an unforgettable privilege.
这只小鸟刚从窝里出来 This young bird has just emerged from its nest hole,
也许是它第一次 maybe for the first time.
即将开始它生命中最重要的旅程 It's about to make the most important journey of its life.
而且它需要在起飞前 把握好每一英寸的高度 And it needs to get every inch of altitude before it takes off.
我能看到周边的动静 I can just see beyond me
它们还有很只 there are more of them.
一 二 三 四 One, two, three, four.
它只是在锻炼翅膀 It's just exercising its wings
为这次重要的飞行做准备 in preparation for this extraordinary flight
它将穿越6000英里的海洋 which will take it 6,000 miles across the oceans
前往南美洲 到达巴西和阿根廷 to South America, to Brazil and Argentina.
然后 大约四年后 And then, after some four years,
它将再次踏上漫长的海洋之旅 once again it will set out on a long oceanic journey,
飞越6000英里 回到这个叫斯科默的小岛上 a further 6,000 miles back to this one small island of Skomer.
你要出发了吗? Are you going to go?
它在犹豫 有谁能责怪它呢? It's hesitating and who can blame it?
一旦它从这里起飞 等待它的将是一段漫长的旅程 An enormous journey awaits it once it takes off from here.
这是这个惊人物种的发源地 This is the headquarters of this astonishing species
我们是它的监护人 and we are its custodians.
来吧 来吧 Come along. Come along.
你要起飞了吗? Are you about to take off?
祝你好运 Good luck!
真让人吃惊 What an astonishment.
在我的一生中发生了很多变化 A lot has changed in my lifetime
直到今天 我们拥有的野生动物 and today the wildlife we still have
仍比以往面临着前所未有的威胁 faces greater threats than ever before.
这些海鸟提醒我们 在英国和爱尔兰 Our sea birds remind us that here in Britain and Ireland
我们很幸运地拥有一些自然界最伟大的奇观 we are very fortunate to have some of nature's greatest spectacles
就在我们的家门口 right on our doorstep.
因为这是我们的家园 Because this is our home,
恢复和保护野生动物是我们的责任 it can only be our responsibility to restore and protect our wildlife.
也许你能成为第一个经过这些荒岛的人 Perhaps you can be the first to pass these wild isles
将这些美好事物亲自传给下一代 on to the next generation in better shape than you inherited them.
从南部的锡利群岛到北部的谢德兰群岛 From the Isles of Scilly in the south, to Shetland in the north,
海洋团队花了300天来拍摄海洋野生动物 the ocean team spent 300 days filming the marine wildlife
是前所未有的规模 of the British Isles as never before.
他们捕捉到了新奇的行为 They captured new behaviours,
经历了大西洋最恶劣的天气 experienced the worst of the Atlantic weather,
见证了海洋野生动物生活中的精彩时刻 and witnessed intimate moments in the lives of our ocean wildlife.
道格·安德森是世界一流的水下摄像师之一 Doug Anderson, is one of the world's leading underwater camera operators.
他在世界各地都工作过 He's worked all over the planet,
拍摄一些海洋中最壮观的景象和海底动物 filming some of the ocean's greatest spectacles and largest inhabitants.
在这个系列中 他拍摄了大部分的海洋情节 And for this series, he filmed the majority of the ocean episode.
他对海底世界的热情始于阿伦岛 His passion for the underwater world began on the Isle of Arran,
在苏格兰西海岸 off the west coast of Scotland.
我的第一次水下体验是在拉姆拉什湾 My first underwater experience was in Lamlash Bay
就在我祖父家门口 in front of my grandparents' house
这深深烙在我的记忆里 and it is burnt into my memory.
我爸爸给我做了一件潜水衣 我记得我把脸浸在水里时 My dad had made me a wet suit and I remember putting my face underwater
被水下世界的奇观所震撼 and just being blown away but the wildness of it.
你知道那会儿有螃蟹和小鱼 You know, there were crabs and little fish
感觉就像一个水底荒野 and it felt like a wild place.
当我抬起头来 I remember lifting my head up
回头看着这个村庄 and looking over my shoulder back at the village
有警察在巡逻 there was, like, the policeman doing his round,
有人在逛商铺 这时我在想 and people going to the shop and I was like,
“噢 海洋真是一个狂野之地 和我身后简直天差地别” "Oh, the ocean is a wild place and behind me is what people do."
从此一发不可收拾 And I never recovered.
学会潜水后 After learning to dive,
道格对海底世界的热爱 Doug's passion for the underwater world
带他远离家乡 踏上漫长旅程 took him on a journey far from home.
我最终找到了为《蓝色星球》拍摄的工作 I eventually got a job on a series called The Blue Planet,
在90年代中期 back in the mid-'90s.
我坐上了去亚速尔群岛的飞机 And then just found myself on plane out to the Azores.
是的 那年我27岁 那是我新人生的开始 Yeah, I was, like, 27 years old, and that was the start.
在此之前 他都未曾有机会 Until now, he's never had the chance to show
展示不列颠群岛的海洋世界 what the British Isles has to offer.
在《荒野群岛》这个项目上 我觉得这是一个绝佳的机会 On the Wild Isles project, it just felt like an amazing opportunity
我把我这25年在全球学到的 and responsibility to take everything I've learned
一切有利的经验 in 25 years of working all over the planet,
都运用到工作当中 and just applying all of that to here.
虽然工作上很容易接触到海底 Although they might be easier to reach,
但这的水域也有自己的挑战 our waters have their own challenges.
这个项目有很多方面 This project, in many ways,
是我职业生涯中最艰难的经历 has been the hardest professional experience of my life.
你在北大西洋的海洋上做的每件事都很艰难 Everything that you do on the ocean in the North Atlantic is tough.
我们一天可以经历四个季节 We can have four seasons in a day.
这种风云莫测使得在我们在海域拍摄 This unpredictability makes filming in our seas
要么成功 要么失败 a matter of boom or bust.
队伍必须随时待命 The team must be on constant standby
在条件成熟时 迅速动员 to mobilise quickly when conditions are right.
在谢德兰群岛 他们正向海底进发 In Shetland, they're heading for the seabed.
来记录这里的水下奇观 To record life down here,
道格设计并制作了自己定制的水下三脚架 Doug has designed and built his own bespoke underwater tripod.
大功率的灯光照亮了海底 High-powered lights illuminate the seafloor
和重物稳定钻机 and weights stabilise the rig,
这让道格能拍摄这些移动缓慢的生物的延时镜头 allowing Doug to film a time-lapse of these slow-moving creatures,
揭示了一个很少有人能真正看到的世界 revealing a world that few people will ever see in actuality.
在海藻下面 道格将它的设计改良一下 Below the kelp, Doug takes his design a step further
用于跟踪时间流逝的运动控制滑块 a motion-controlled slider for tracking timelapses.
现在它可以精确地移动摄像机 Now, he can move the camera with pinpoint accuracy,
展现海胆是如何穿越海洋森林的 revealing how urchins travel through this marine forest.
一个镜头准备了好几个月 A shot that's taken months of preparation.
但并不是海洋中的一切都是慢条斯理 But not everything in our oceans is as slow-moving.
在康沃尔海岸附近 Off the coast of Cornwall,
摄制组正在追捕海洋中最快的居民之一 the team are chasing one of the ocean's fastest inhabitants,
蓝鳍金枪鱼 bluefin tuna.
它们仅在最近几年才回到我们的水域 They have only retuned to our waters in the last few years.
这里聚齐了所有的拍摄元素 We've got all the ingredients that we need here.
我们有海豚 有金枪鱼 We've got dolphins, we've got tuna,
有鲣鸟和海鸥 there's gannets here, and shearwaters.
但是我们需要它们聚集的画面 所以用了一种道具 But we need it to come together into something that we can film,
诱饵球 and that's a bait ball.
一大片鱼会蜂拥而上 但摄像机需要 So it has to be a patch of fish jammed up against the surface
能见度较高才能运作 所以 in reasonable visibility to make it work, so
祈祷吧 fingers crossed.
诱饵球不会持续很久 Bait balls don't last long.
几分钟之内就会结束 They can be over in a matter of minutes.
所以要拍摄金枪鱼捕猎 速度决定一切 So to film tuna hunting, speed is everything.
我们的联络人用无线电通知我们 所以我们急忙赶过去 Radio call from one of our contacts, so we screamed down there,
却发现仅仅只是晚了一会儿 only to discover we were just a few moments too late.
这真的很令人沮丧 即使我们拥有一艘非常快的船 Which is really frustrating. We've got a really fast boat.
这里有全新的诱饵 这将吸引鱼来到这里 This is so new, this set-up here, these bait fish coming here.
已经五年了 所以我们每人 It's five years, so we're just
都在努力解决问题 但似乎我们并不孤单 Everyone's just working it out and it seems like we're not alone
我们发现了海豚和金枪鱼才刚刚开始 cos it's like the dolphin and the tuna are just beginning to find it
它们的狩猎 and exploit the resource as well.
摄制组用无人机帮助定位金枪鱼 The team use a drone to help locate the tuna
赶在诱饵球消失之前 before the bait balls disappear.
令人兴奋的是 这是英国 The exciting thing is, this is England.
法尔茅斯就在那里 We've got literally Falmouth right there
我们看到一群疯狂的海豚 and we've got these crazy pods of common dolphins rolling through
还时不时会有蓝鳍金枪鱼的出现 and there's bluefin showing every now and then.
这是一种令人惊叹的壮观景象 It's an amazing kind of ocean scene.
虽然从空中看起来不错 Although it looks good from the air,
但水下能见度低 使道格无法捕捉清晰画面 poor visibility underwater prevents Doug from getting a clear shot.
是的 惊鸿一瞥 只有短暂的瞬间 Yeah, a total glimpse, just like the briefest of moment.
我刚潜入的水很绿 Pretty green water, I just get in,
它们就这样游过来 穿过去 and they just come through and just roll through.
为了找到更清澈的水域 摄制组改变了地点 In the hope of finding clearer water, the team change location.
我们在海岸更远的地方 We're further down the coast.
我们将在更远的海域工作 We're going to be working further offshore,
我们要把蓝鳍金枪鱼和碧蓝的海水相结合 and we're going to be trying to join the blue water with the bluefin.
水面上有大片沙丁鱼和鲭鱼聚集在一起 If a big patch of pilchards on the surface or mackerel comes together,
带来我们所希望的景象 then come away with what we want from this.
我们有金枪鱼 它们现在到处都是 We have tuna, they're all over the place just now.
我们只需要耐心等待 We just need to wait for this sort of pot to boil, you know.
让鱼饵聚成一团 For the bait to come together into a lump
等它静止下来 这样我们就能进去拍摄 for long enough, for it to go static so that we can get in and film it.
计划成功了 The plan works!
这个团队终于得到了它们一直在寻求的东西 The team finally get the conditions they have been seeking for so long.
能在英国的水下亲眼见到一条蓝鳍金枪鱼 To actually see a bluefin tuna underwater in England
真是难以置信 is just unbelievable.
蓝鳍金枪鱼重返我们的水域 The return of bluefin tuna to our waters
表明它们的数量正在恢复 is a sign that their population is recovering.
但这仍然是它们为数不多的一小部分 But it's still a fraction of what their numbers could be.
自从道格二十多年前离开阿伦岛以后 Since Doug left Arran over two decades ago,
包括他的家人在内的沿海社区 the coastal community, including his family,
建立了苏格兰第一个海洋禁捕区 created Scotland's first marine No Take Zone.
自从保护区在拉姆拉什湾建立以来 生物的多样性增加了四倍 Since its creation in Lamlash Bay, biodiversity has increased fourfold.
它是我们荒野岛屿周围少数几个禁捕区之一 But it's one of just a handful of No Take Zones around our wild isles,
加起来还不到我们海洋面积的1% that combined, cover less than 1% of our sea.
保护区内丰富的生命 The abundance of life within them
溢出到周围的水域 spills out into the surrounding waters,
丰富和强化了广阔的海洋环境 enriching and strengthening the wider marine environment
通过高度保护英国大面积的海域 The way to get British seas back is to allow large areas
恢复其健康状态 to return to a natural state,
并长期维护这些保护的地区 and maintain those very highly protected areas for a long time.
对道格来说 展示英国水域的美丽 For Doug, celebrating the beauty of British waters
是他回馈自然的机会 has been a chance for him to give something back.
如果我能在提供视觉效果方面发挥一点作用 If I can play a tiny part about providing the visuals
尽自己一份绵薄之力 to allow that conversation to happen in a meaningful way,
促使争论的各方进行有意义的谈话 for people on all sides of the argument
共同畅想灰色的海浪下隐藏的奇观 to imagine what lies beneath those grey waves,
那么我认为这将是一件非凡的事情 then I think it would be an extraordinary thing.
英国开放大学制作了一张免费海报 The Open University has produced a free poster
探索我们的野生岛屿及其多样的栖息地和物种 exploring our Wild Isles and their diverse habitat and species.
通过致电订购您的副本 Order your copy by calling
或前往 or go to
然后点击 and follow the links
开放大学链接 to the Open University.
如果你愿意为恢复我们的荒野群岛尽一份力 If you'd like to play your part in restoring our Wild Isles
了解更多关于你能做些什么 and learn more about what you can do to help,
请在BBC网站上搜索Wild Isles just search Wild Isles on the BBC website.